The once-pristine waters of the Hartbeespoortdam reservoir in South Africa are now swirled with vibrant green algae blooms, posing a threat to local ecosystems and human health. The satellite images reveal a reservoir shrouded in deep blues interrupted by patches of bright green, indicative of an algal bloom that can have far-reaching consequences.
The blooms in question are not just unsightly but also toxic, releasing harmful substances into the water that can cause rashes for swimmers and even be fatal to pets or livestock. The primary drivers of these blooms are phosphorus content from agricultural runoff and restricted water circulation, which leads to a rapid growth of algae.
Researchers have been studying this phenomenon using satellite data, providing a comprehensive view of conditions across the entire reservoir over long time scales. By analyzing images taken between 1980 and 2020, scientists discovered that algal productivity was higher near Krokodilrivier inflows and in the western part of the reservoir due to golf course runoff.
NASA's PACE mission, launched in 2024, promises to advance space-based water quality monitoring by detecting specific wavelengths designed to identify harmful algal blooms. With this technology, scientists can better understand the drivers of these blooms, especially in remote regions where ground monitoring is expensive and time-intensive.
While satellite data remains essential for confirming the presence of toxic algae, it provides a vital tool for tracking these events from space. As the next Landsat satellite takes to the skies, it will enable scientists to detect harmful algal blooms more accurately, helping to mitigate their impact on local ecosystems and human communities.
The blooms in question are not just unsightly but also toxic, releasing harmful substances into the water that can cause rashes for swimmers and even be fatal to pets or livestock. The primary drivers of these blooms are phosphorus content from agricultural runoff and restricted water circulation, which leads to a rapid growth of algae.
Researchers have been studying this phenomenon using satellite data, providing a comprehensive view of conditions across the entire reservoir over long time scales. By analyzing images taken between 1980 and 2020, scientists discovered that algal productivity was higher near Krokodilrivier inflows and in the western part of the reservoir due to golf course runoff.
NASA's PACE mission, launched in 2024, promises to advance space-based water quality monitoring by detecting specific wavelengths designed to identify harmful algal blooms. With this technology, scientists can better understand the drivers of these blooms, especially in remote regions where ground monitoring is expensive and time-intensive.
While satellite data remains essential for confirming the presence of toxic algae, it provides a vital tool for tracking these events from space. As the next Landsat satellite takes to the skies, it will enable scientists to detect harmful algal blooms more accurately, helping to mitigate their impact on local ecosystems and human communities.