Scientists Stalk Secret to Bowhead Whale's 200-Year Longevity
A team of researchers has uncovered a vital clue in understanding the remarkable longevity of bowhead whales - the longest-living mammal known to date. According to Dr. Vera Gorbunova, a biologist at the University of Rochester, one key factor may be the whale's efficient DNA repair mechanism.
All living organisms accumulate DNA damage over time, which can lead to mutations and contribute to aging. However, bowhead whales have a unique ability to repair this type of damage more effectively than any other known mammal. This may be due to an increase in a protein called CIRBP, which is triggered by cold exposure.
Experiments on whale cells showed that increased levels of CIRBP enhance DNA repair, reducing the number of mutations accumulated over time. Similarly, boosting CIRBP in human cells doubled their ability to repair double-strand breaks. In flies, extra CIRBP also extended lifespan and improved resistance to mutation-causing radiation.
While it's unclear how significant a role DNA repair plays in bowhead whales' exceptional longevity, researchers are now exploring the potential benefits for humans. They're raising mice with boosted CIRBP levels to test their longevity and investigating whether cold-water swimmers have higher levels of the protein.
The implications for human aging are promising, but experts caution that translating this into viable treatments will be a challenging task. Dr. Gabriel Balmus, who studies DNA damage and repair at the University of Cambridge, notes that enhancing cellular resilience without exceeding natural limits on renewal is essential.
For now, researchers are considering pharmacological ways to boost CIRBP levels in humans, although not everyone may want to adopt cold showers as a routine practice. The quest to slow aging and protect organs during surgery and transplantations has gained new momentum with the discovery of this remarkable whale's secret to longevity.
A team of researchers has uncovered a vital clue in understanding the remarkable longevity of bowhead whales - the longest-living mammal known to date. According to Dr. Vera Gorbunova, a biologist at the University of Rochester, one key factor may be the whale's efficient DNA repair mechanism.
All living organisms accumulate DNA damage over time, which can lead to mutations and contribute to aging. However, bowhead whales have a unique ability to repair this type of damage more effectively than any other known mammal. This may be due to an increase in a protein called CIRBP, which is triggered by cold exposure.
Experiments on whale cells showed that increased levels of CIRBP enhance DNA repair, reducing the number of mutations accumulated over time. Similarly, boosting CIRBP in human cells doubled their ability to repair double-strand breaks. In flies, extra CIRBP also extended lifespan and improved resistance to mutation-causing radiation.
While it's unclear how significant a role DNA repair plays in bowhead whales' exceptional longevity, researchers are now exploring the potential benefits for humans. They're raising mice with boosted CIRBP levels to test their longevity and investigating whether cold-water swimmers have higher levels of the protein.
The implications for human aging are promising, but experts caution that translating this into viable treatments will be a challenging task. Dr. Gabriel Balmus, who studies DNA damage and repair at the University of Cambridge, notes that enhancing cellular resilience without exceeding natural limits on renewal is essential.
For now, researchers are considering pharmacological ways to boost CIRBP levels in humans, although not everyone may want to adopt cold showers as a routine practice. The quest to slow aging and protect organs during surgery and transplantations has gained new momentum with the discovery of this remarkable whale's secret to longevity.